James’ nursing career began in 1985, during the early years of the global HIV/AIDS crisis. The challenges he faced during those formative years would lay the foundation for his career and academic pursuits. Initially, he believed that research was something “for others,” but over time, his perspective shifted.
“Research always seemed like something someone else could do, but with the right support and encouragement through my early academic journey, I learned to trust the process.”
His turning point came when completing a Master of Nursing Science at Te Herenga Waka when he was encouraged to explore why academic study felt so challenging. Through ongoing conversations with a senior lecturer, he made a life changing discovery: James has undiagnosed dyslexia.
“Diagnosing dyslexia later in life made me more empathetic to the challenges others face when navigating complex healthcare systems. It deepened my determination to ensure that individuals who feel marginalised, whether due to identity, health needs, or other factors, receive the care and support they deserve.”
James’ doctoral research explores the experiences of people living with HIV in New Zealand, particularly those who were diagnosed late. Data from both international and domestic studies show that approximately 40 percent of individuals are diagnosed only after many years of living with the virus. James’ research aimed to uncover why this is the case.
Through in-depth interviews, participants shared their personal and often painful accounts of journey to diagnosis. James notes that the participants’ willingness to open up was one of the most striking aspects of the study.
“The participants, who were all HIV positive, and many diagnosed only when they had progressed to AIDS, were incredibly brave in sharing the history of their diagnosis. They provided invaluable insights into the missed opportunities for earlier detection, which is critical for understanding how we can reduce barriers to healthcare.”
A recurring theme that emerged from these conversations was the contrast between how individuals present themselves publicly and the complexities of their private lives.
"The study reveals the need for routine HIV testing, without the need to delve into personal sexual histories, which often deters individuals from seeking testing. Privacy, respect, and accessibility must be paramount."
James hopes that his research will contribute to ongoing efforts to reduce stigma and normalise HIV testing. He believes that the stigma surrounding sexual health, particularly HIV, creates unnecessary barriers to testing, and that routine testing should be standard practice, not something reserved for those perceived to be at higher risk.
"Routine HIV testing should be the norm, not something tied to risk factors or behaviours.”
Beyond the research, James' journey to becoming the University’s first Doctor of Nursing is one of persistence, supported by the guidance of key mentors.
“Nurses work closest to patients in healthcare, and by collecting data through research, we can significantly improve patient outcomes. I once viewed research as something for others, but with the right encouragement, I realised I could contribute meaningfully to areas of healthcare I am passionate about, especially in the realm of HIV diagnosis and care."