Risks associated with emerging technologies
Explore the societal risks associated with the introduction of new workplace technologies—like the loss of work, technology dependence, and security concerns.
New technologies are affecting all sectors, and some thought is required to manage this change.
The World Bank (2016) estimates that 73% of jobs in the Asia-Pacific region could be lost to technology.
Frey and Rahbari (2016) suggest the share of job losses due to advancing technology ranges from an average of 57% in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), to as high of 85% in developing countries.
To date, it is not certain to what extent emerging technology usage will have on Aotearoa New Zealand workers—some possibilities are listed below.
Loss of work
Integrating technologies into working environments can cause job displacement and reduced wages, especially among manual workers. However, automation and robots could take on the "3D" jobs (dirty, dull, and dangerous).
In our current work environment there are still roles which are highly repetitive and that humans continue to do, facing the associated risks of repetitive work—such as packaging. We need to think about ways of retaining or upskilling employees across all industries regardless of new technology.
Disconnection between consumer and business
Technology usage can drive a gap between consumers and businesses.
The use of automated platforms, such as messaging bots and self-service systems, reduces interactions between humans. The frustration that results when talking to a phone bot that does not understand our questions can result in feeling disconnected and frustrated.
Businesses need meaningful connections to make sure their customers remain engaged.
Technology dependency
Having a dependency on the use of new technology can be disruptive to business operations when electronic systems fail.
A back-up is often required to allow workplaces to function at times of disruption to ensure continued productivity and income.
Inequitable access to technology
Not everyone has the same access to technology or the same skills to use it. This can exacerbate already inequitable outcomes for some groups.
Workplaces need to develop equitable environments where everyone has access to relevant technology in the workplace.
Organisational resistance
Learning new skills, related to new technology, can present problems. There is potential for workers to resist change and want to continue to work in the way in which they are familiar.
This is where worker buy-in is needed, to show that new ways of working can improve work. Good engagement and training is essential for all workers.
Online security management
As technology becomes more widely used, workplaces and workers need reassurance that their data and sensitive information are secure.
Workplaces need to integrate contingency plans that account for potential cyberattacks. Ensuring everyone is educated about online safety and practices will help to protect data and reduce security risks.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs)
Psychosocial factors at work can influence the occurrence and persistence of WRMSDs—either through increased biomechanical exposure, or by triggering the stress mechanisms (Roquelaure, 2018).0
Our understanding of the impact of exoskeletons at the moment is limited. While exoskeletons can support particular muscle groups in physical work, they can also limit human movement and put limbs in fixed postures.
There may be unintended negative consequence of reducing human flexibility that can cause new sources of MSD and accidents. Evaluation is essential in the introduction of exoskeletons and their use at work.